Developing a Library Research Strategy

A research paper is usually expected to be a detailed examination of a particular topic based on a variety of sources: books, periodical articles, government publications, even websites. An efficient library research strategy will save you time and frustration by focusing your attention on the most important sources to consult. A well-thought-out search strategy will ensure that you don't miss important information.

• Clearly define your topic. Topics that are too broad (drug abuse) or too narrow (drug abuse in Newark, NJ) can cause problems. You will either be overwhelmed with information or unable to find enough to support your topic. 

• Gather background information. General and specialized subject encyclopedias, dictionaries, or handbooks are good sources to begin filling in any gaps in your knowledge. Background information should begin to clarify your topic so it is as precise as possible. Often these resources offer references to books and journal articles where you can get more information on a topic.

• Importance of Vocabulary. When the topic is clarified one further modifies it by turning to keywords, phrases, and subject headings which best describe what one hopes to find. The keywords used should be as specific as possible. The narrower, the more specific the search keywords, the easier it is to find material. If in a quandary as to what words or phrases to employ: (a) Go to an index that is close to the subject of interest to see what subject headings they employ. (b) Consult the Library of Congress Subject Headings, a multi-volume work that lists subjects in alphabetical order. At the very core of the research process are words.  Establishing vocabulary control, selecting the right terms, and relating them properly to one another determine the success of the research. 

• Search the Library's online catalog for books or videos that might be useful. You may search the catalog by subject, keyword, or author. Keyword searching is particularly useful if you are unaware of a particular Library of Congress Subject heading. (Keyword Example: computers and stress) The catalog will provide you with a call number indicating where the resource can be found. 

• Search periodical indexes and full-text database for articles on your topic. There are numerous Library Databases which provide access to articles in magazines, scholarly journals, and newspapers. Periodicals often provide the most recent information on a topic. 

• Internet resources provide another avenue you can explore in your search for information. When you surf the Internet, consider the source and evaluate it carefully. It's often difficult to assess the reliability of the information you find on the Internet.